Iodine
Iodine is yet another important trace mineral you require in your diet. Most of the iodine in your body is found in the thyroid glands. In this post, we will review iodine, its food sources, deficiency and toxicity.
Functions Of Iodine
- For the production of thyroid hormones-Iodine is found in the thyroid glands and is also important in the syntheisis of these hormones.
- For proper nervous system function-It allows the proper functioning of the nervous system.
RDA
Adults -150 micrograms
Food Sources
- Seafood
- Dairy products
- Eggs
- Iodine -fortified salt
Seafood is among the best sources of iodine.
Iodine Deficiency
Diets limited in iodine intake can cause iodine deficiency and related effects such as hypothyroidism and goitre. Hypothyroidism symptoms include:
- Fatigue
- Constipation
- Weight fluctuations
- Cold sensitivity
- Dry skin
Groups At Risk Of Deficiency
Pregnant women-They have increased needs of iodine not only for themselves but for their growing foetuses.
Iodine Toxicity
High iodine intake also impacts the normal thyroid function, in turn enhancing the probability of hyperthyroidism. Nonetheless, iodine toxicity is rarely a result of dietary intake alone. Symptoms of hyperthyroidism include:
- Diarrhoea
- Vomiting
- Irritability
- Abnormal heart rhythms
Nutrient Interactions With Iodine
- Selenium -It works together with iodine to promote normal thyroid function.
- The consumption of goitrogens such as cruciferous vegetables e.g. cabbage and cauliflower, cassava , soy can worsen an already present iodine deficiency.
Drug Interactions With Iodine
Certain drugs as ammiodarone may reduce iodine in your body while other drugs such as potassium iodide can increase iodine levels especially when ingested in large doses.
In case there is need for supplementation due to severe deficiency, it is probably best to consult a dietitian.